On my Web site: stuff about FORTH. FORTH was one of many computing languages used in early microcomputing. It was implemented in a few thousands of bytes, and as an interpreter it could be extended. Memory was expensive so these were good attributes. It was also a monitor program; a number of 1980's commercial computers had a FORTH boot monitor. COSMAC 1802 ----------- www.retrotechnology.com/memship/figforth_1802.html FIG produced a series of 8-bit FORTHs in the late 1970's. www.retrotechnology.com/memship/hhc_forth.html Hand-Held Computer (HHC) he constructed in the late 1970's from a COSMAC 1802 processor and supported with a FORTH-79 based monitor and calculator program he created. I and others disassembled his FORTH and binary, without the Windows development system he abandoned later. www.retrotechnology.com/memship/8th.html A reduced FORTH for the 1802, which he called "8th". http://www.retrotechnology.com/memship/amsat.html IPS is a threaded language and develoment enviroment, similar to Forth. It was used to develop the programming on the Oscar Phase 3 satellites which used 1802's and later other processors. These were early amateur-radio satellites. IPS was in use for other satellite development. http://www.retrotechnology.com/memship/mem_basys.html A simple 1802 wheeled robot which ran on BASIC or 8th. Intel 8080 ----------- http://www.retrotechnology.com/restore/prob_solv.html I resurrected a S-100 Problem Solver System. I noted the boot diskette had the STOIC operating environment. I recalled STOIC as one of many packages distributed with CP/M programs; Both the recent and prior owners had worked with the STOIC language. Rich explained the FORTH roots of STOIC and we discussed our histories with FORTH. [Links about STOIC are at the end of the Web page.] http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/kildall_interview_atwork.htm Gary Kildall has an opinion about FORTH and its adherents. Kildall's academic work was in computing languages; of course PL/M was his creation. He developed CP/M and founded Digital Research. HErb Johnson